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The National Cancer Center (NCC) was founded in Tsukiji, Tokyo in 1962 as the core institution for implementing national policy against cancer. In 1992, as its activities expanded and developed, the National Cancer Center Hospital, East was opened in Kashiwa City, Chiba Prefecture. In l994, a research branch, the National Cancer Center Research Institute, East, was established adjacent to the Hospital East on the same campus. In 2005, Clinical Development Center was opened by combining a part of East Hospital and Research Institute, East. Accordingly the NCC now consists of the two campuses in Tsukiji and Kashiwa. In l999, the new hospital building was constructed in the Tsukiji Campus and began its operation. After World War II, deaths from infectious diseases were remarkably reduced in Japan as a result of improvements in public sanitation and the usage of antibiotics. In the meantime, deaths caused by lifestyle related diseases, particularly deaths from cancer, continued to increase and in 1981 cancer became the number one cause of death among Japanese. Presently, about one in every three people dies of cancer. The rapid increase of cancer is not limited to Japan and other industrialized countries, but this is also the case in many developing countries. Cancer is truly a common enemy of humanity. Consequently, almost all of the primary countries have national cancer centers or research institutes that serve as central institutions for establishing and implementing national measures against cancer. Since its inception, the NCC has served as the nucleus for measures to fight cancer in Japan as the only national cancer center. Naturally, our center is recognized as one of the best cancer centers not only in Japan but also in the world. The NCC has three essential segments: the hospital, the research institute and the administration department. These three segments work together to overcome cancer. Their main activities are 1) therapeutic management of cancer patients, 2) cancer research, 3) training and education of medical and research professionals, and 4) transmission of information about cancer. First of all, our prime mission is to provide patients with the state-of-the-art procedures for cancer diagnosis and treatment. To achieve this, all of the staff of the NCC, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, technicians, researchers, and administrative staff, devote themselves to give the best management for patients. In order to fulfill this objective, we have adopted a team practice system based on organ-site of cancer. At the same time, our medical care is not limited to treatment of cancer but also includes support for eliminating the physical, mental and societal discomfort that accompanies the disease and its treatment. The second is cancer research. As a national center, research is particularly important. For progress of basic understanding and management of cancer, it is not enough to provide patients with the existing best modalities. We make particular emphasis on elucidation of mechanism of carcinogenesis, developments of new modalities and better procedures for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Basic research and translational research conduced in close collaboration with clinical activities are crucial for cancer strategy for the future. The third is training. The number of patients who can be treated at the NCC is limited. To ensure high standard cancer management for all cancer patients throughout Japan, we give medical professionals and basic researchers from all over the country the opportunities to receive training at the Center. In addition, we are involved in the training of doctors and comedicals from the countries around the world. To provide education and training for young doctors, the system of residents, chief residents and research residents has a long history in the NCC to nurture well-established oncologists. Lastly, the NCC serves to transfer the latest information on cancer prevention, treatment and research to specialists and the general public through computer network, homepage, pamphlets, open conferences and so forth. To exchange information via the computer network, weekly TV conference that links 17 local cancer institutions in Japan is held aiming at all of Japan being blessed with the ability to receive the same cancer treatments. In addition, in 2006, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services is going to be opened in Tsukiji Campus.
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